The Portsmouth Tropical Fish Company

Located at Fort Fareham
Tel: 01329 286431

PURCHASING CATEGORIES

Discus ---- Tetras ---- Cichlids ---- Catfish ---- Siamese Fighter ---- Clown Loach

Black Ghost Knife ---- Red Snakehead ---- Ranchu --- Ryukin

BUY DIRECT FROM US AND WE DELIVER TO YOUR DOOR

Purchasing Details

Portsmouth Tropicals has been trading for over 30 years and for 25 of those years Karen Cott has been working there. Five years ago she officially took over the business when her father in law retired.

It truly is a family run firm with Karen catching fish and Mum Glynis bagging up for Dad Dave to do local deliveries. However, deliveries don’t just have to be local as the courier company used does next day delivery ensuring the fish arrive alive and healthy. Karen supplies fish from as far apart as Guernsey to Manchester.

This small family run business has been supplying fish to the pet shop industry for all these years. They hold a pet trading licence and are a member of OATA.

They also never knowingly stock dyed fish. Whether a pet shop wants to just buy 10 goldfish or wants to fill 100 tropical tanks Karen can supply the freshwater fish and plants required.

Wholesale is the main focus of the business but at Portsmouth Tropicals it is appreciated that smaller pet shops cannot stock the specialist fish that some aquarists require. For this reason they are now offering the general public the chance to buy direct from them, those specialist fish such as Discus, L type plecs, Arrowanas and freshwater sting ray.

Aquarium – Fish Types

Current public aquaria

Marine aquarium fishes

Aquarium – Fish Types

Amphibians (class Amphibia; from Greek aµf?? "both" and ß??? "life") are a taxon of animals that include all living tetrapods (four-legged vertebrates) that do not have amniotic eggs, Portsmouth Tropical Fish are ectothermic (term for the animals whose body heat is regulated by the external environment; previously known as cold-blooded), Portsmouth Tropical Fish and generally spend part of their time on land. Most amphibians do not have the adaptations to an entirely terrestrial existence found in most other modern tetrapods (amniotes). There are around 6,000 described, Portsmouth Tropical Fish living species of amphibians. The study of amphibians and reptiles is known as herpetology. Amphibians are able to breathe through their skin.

Contents

1 Classification

2 Systems

o 2.1 Reproductive

3 Conservation

4 Evolutionary history

5 References

6 See also

7 External links

Classification

Systems

Reproductive

Caecilian from the San Antonio zoo

For the purpose of reproduction most amphibians are bound to fresh water. A few tolerate brackish water, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but there are no true seawater amphibians. Several hundred frog species in adaptive radiations (e.g., Portsmouth Tropical Fish Eleutherodactylus, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the Pacific Platymantines, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the Australo-Papuan microhylids, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and many other tropical frogs), Portsmouth Tropical Fish however, Portsmouth Tropical Fish do not need any water whatsoever. They reproduce via direct development, Portsmouth Tropical Fish an ecological and evolutionary adaptation that has allowed them to be completely independent from free-standing water. Almost all of these frogs live in wet tropical rainforests and their eggs hatch directly into miniature versions of the adult, Portsmouth Tropical Fish passing through the tadpole stage within the egg. Several species have also adapted to arid and semi-arid environments, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but most of them still need water to lay their eggs. Symbiosis with single celled algae that lives in the jelly-like layer of the eggs has evolved several times. The larvae (tadpoles or polliwogs) breathe with exterior gills. After hatching, Portsmouth Tropical Fish they start to transform gradually into the adult's appearance. This process is called metamorphosis. Typically, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the animals then leave the water and become terrestrial adults, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but there are many interesting exceptions to this general way of reproduction.

The most obvious part of the amphibian metamorphosis is the formation of four legs in order to support the body on land. But there are several other changes:

The gills are replaced by other respiratory organs, Portsmouth Tropical Fish i.e., Portsmouth Tropical Fish lungs.

The skin changes and develops glands to avoid dehydration.

The eyes develop eyelids and adapt to vision outside the water.

An eardrum is developed to lock the middle ear.

In frogs and toads, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the tail disappears.

Conservation

Decline in amphibian populations

The Golden Toad of Monteverde, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Costa Rica was among the first casualties of amphibian declines. Formerly abundant, Portsmouth Tropical Fish it was last seen in 1989.

Dramatic declines in amphibian populations, Portsmouth Tropical Fish including population crashes and mass localized extinction, Portsmouth Tropical Fish have been noted in the past two decades from locations all over the world, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and amphibian declines are thus perceived as one of the most critical threats to global biodiversity. A number of causes are believed to be involved, Portsmouth Tropical Fish including habitat destruction and modification, Portsmouth Tropical Fish over-exploitation, Portsmouth Tropical Fish pollution, Portsmouth Tropical Fish introduced species, Portsmouth Tropical Fish climate change, Portsmouth Tropical Fish destruction of the ozone layer (ultraviolet radiation has shown to be especially damaging to the skin, Portsmouth Tropical Fish eyes, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and eggs of amphibians), Portsmouth Tropical Fish and diseases like chytridiomycosis. However, Portsmouth Tropical Fish many of the causes of amphibian declines are still poorly understood, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and amphibian declines are currently a topic of much ongoing research.

Evolutionary history

The first major groups of amphibians developed in the Devonian Period from fishes similar to the modern coelocanth where the fins had evolved into legs. These amphibians were around five meters long in length, Portsmouth Tropical Fish which is rare now except for some species of Japanese Salamander. The land was safe as the giant fishes and sharks in the ocean could not come onto land. However, Portsmouth Tropical Fish there were two problems with living out their entire lives on land. Primarily, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the food that these amphibians consumed was in the water, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but also at this point the skin on most of these amphibians was not water-tight.

In the Carboniferous Period, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the amphibians moved up in the food chain and began to occupy the ecological position where we now find crocodiles. These amphibians were notable for eating the mega-insects on land and many types of fishes in the water. Towards the end of the Permian Period and the Triassic Period, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the amphibians started having competition with proto-crocodiles which led to their drop in size in the temperate zones or leaving for the poles. (Amphibians were able to hibernate during the winter whereas crocodiles could not, Portsmouth Tropical Fish allowing the amphibians in higher latitudes protection from the reptiles.)

The modern mudskipper provides a rough glimpse into the kind of lifestyle and adaptations that proto-amphibians may have taken.[citation needed] (Mudskippers are not closely related to coelocanths.)

This short section requires expansion.

Chytridiomycosis

Fishapods

Frog zoology

List of amphibians by region

Prehistoric amphibian

Sleep in nonhumans

Tetrapod

Marine mammal

A Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), Portsmouth Tropical Fish a member of Order Cetacea

A Leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx), Portsmouth Tropical Fish a member of infrafamily Pinnipedia

A West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus), Portsmouth Tropical Fish a member of Order Sirenia

A pair of Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris), Portsmouth Tropical Fish a member of family Mustelidae

A Polar bear (Ursus maritimus), Portsmouth Tropical Fish a member of family Ursidae

A marine mammal is a mammal that is primarily ocean-dwelling or depends on the ocean for its food. Mammals originally evolved on land, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but later marine mammals evolved to live back in the ocean.

There are five groups of marine mammals:

1. Order Sirenia: the manatee, Portsmouth Tropical Fish dugong.

2. Order Carnivora, Portsmouth Tropical Fish family Ursidae: the polar bear

3. Order Carnivora, Portsmouth Tropical Fish superfamily Pinnipedia: the seal, Portsmouth Tropical Fish sea lion, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and walrus

4. Order Carnivora, Portsmouth Tropical Fish family Mustelidae: the Sea Otter and Marine Otter

5. Order Cetacea: the whale, Portsmouth Tropical Fish dolphin, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and porpoise

Since different groups of marine mammals originate from different ancestors, Portsmouth Tropical Fish this is a case of convergent evolution.

Since mammals originally evolved on land, Portsmouth Tropical Fish their spines are optimized for running, Portsmouth Tropical Fish allowing for up-and-down but only little sideways motion. Therefore, Portsmouth Tropical Fish marine mammals typically swim by moving their spine up and down. By contrast, Portsmouth Tropical Fish fish normally swim by moving their spine sideways. For this reason, Portsmouth Tropical Fish fish mostly have vertical caudal (tail) fins, Portsmouth Tropical Fish while marine mammals have horizontal caudal fins.

Some of the primary differences between marine mammals and other marine life are:

Marine mammals breathe air, Portsmouth Tropical Fish while most other marine animals extract oxygen from water.

Marine mammals have hair. Cetaceans have little or no hair, Portsmouth Tropical Fish usually a very few bristles retained around the head or mouth. All members of the Carnivora have a coat of fur or hair, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but it is far thicker and more important for thermoregulation in Sea Otters and Polar Bears than in seals or sea lions. Thick layers of fur contribute to drag while swimming, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and slow down a swimming mammal, Portsmouth Tropical Fish giving it a disadvantage in speed.

Marine mammals have thick layers of blubber used to insulate their bodies and prevent heat loss. Sea Otters and Polar Bears are exceptions, Portsmouth Tropical Fish relying more on fur and behavior to stave off hypothermia.

Marine mammals give live birth. Most marine mammals only give birth to one calf or pup at a time, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and are never able to birth twins or larger litters.

Marine mammals feed off milk as young. Maternal care is extremely important to the survival of offspring that need to develop a thick insulating layer of blubber. The milk from the mammary glands of marine mammals often exceeds 40-50% fat content to support the development of blubber in the young.

Marine mammals maintain a high internal body temperature. Unlike most other marine life, Portsmouth Tropical Fish marine mammals carefully maintain a core temperature much higher than their environment. Blubber, Portsmouth Tropical Fish thick coats of fur, Portsmouth Tropical Fish bubbles of air between skin and water, Portsmouth Tropical Fish countercurrent exchange, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and behaviors such as hauling out, Portsmouth Tropical Fish are all adaptations that aid marine mammals in retention of body heat.

The polar bear spends a large portion of its time in a marine environment, Portsmouth Tropical Fish albeit a frozen one. When it does swim in the open sea it is extremely proficient and has been shown to cover 74 km in a day. For these reasons, Portsmouth Tropical Fish some scientists regard it as a marine mammal.

Aquarium (disambiguation)

An aquarium is:

A vivarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish usually contained in a clear-sided container (typically constructed of glass or high-strength plastic) in which water-dwelling plants and animals (usually fish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and sometimes invertebrates, Portsmouth Tropical Fish as well as amphibians, Portsmouth Tropical Fish marine mammals, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and reptiles) are kept in captivity, Portsmouth Tropical Fish often for public display (see Public aquarium);

An establishment featuring such displays in which water-dwelling plants and animals (usually fish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and sometimes invertebrates, Portsmouth Tropical Fish as well as amphibians, Portsmouth Tropical Fish marine mammals, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and reptiles) are kept in captivity, Portsmouth Tropical Fish often for public display.

Aquarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish aquariums, Portsmouth Tropical Fish aquaria may also refer to:

Contents

1 Bands

2 Music

3 Games

4 Other

Bands

Aquarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish a Russian musical group

The Aquarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish an American indie rock band

Aquaria (band), Portsmouth Tropical Fish a symphonic power metal band from Rio de Janeiro, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Brazil

Music

Aquarium is the seventh movement of the The Carnival of the Animals by French composer Camille Saint-Saëns. Aquarium has been used in several movies and television shows.

Aquarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish an album by the Danish pop-dance group Aqua

Aquarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish an album by the German electronic music group Naomi

Games

Aquaria, Portsmouth Tropical Fish a PC game under development by Bit Blot.

Aquarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish a PC game from the nineties where the player would run an aquarium.

Other

Aquaria, Portsmouth Tropical Fish a planet, Portsmouth Tropical Fish one of the Twelve Colonies of Man, Portsmouth Tropical Fish of Kobol featured in the Battlestar Galactica universe

"Aquarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish " a poetrybook by Heinz Polzer, Portsmouth Tropical Fish better known as Drs. P.

Aquarium is also a desktop theme for Windows XP Media Center Edition, Portsmouth Tropical Fish depicting several starfish on a sandy seafloor. It is one of a number of commercial virtual aquariums.

Aquarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish a book by Viktor Suvorov

Aquarium Restaurant is a chain of restaurants and theme parks owned by Landry's Restaurants, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Inc., Portsmouth Tropical Fish featuring large indoor aquariums that patrons can view while dining.

Public aquarium

This article is about public establishments that contain aquaria, Portsmouth Tropical Fish for the water containing vivarium see Aquarium.

A 335,000 U.S. gallon (1.3 million litre) aquarium at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California displaying a simulated kelp forest ecosystem

A public aquarium (plural: public aquaria or public aquariums) is the aquatic counterpart of a zoo, Portsmouth Tropical Fish housing aquatic species for viewing. Most public aquaria feature a number of smaller tanks, Portsmouth Tropical Fish as well as those greater in size than could be kept by most any home aquarist. Since the first public aquriums built in in the mid-1800s they have became very popular and their number have dramatically increased. Most modern aquaria focus on conservation issues and educating the public.[1]

Contents

1 History

2 Current public aquaria

3 Logistics

4 See also

5 References

6 External links

History

Various aquaria at the Detroit Aquarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Michigan c.1900, Portsmouth Tropical Fish USA.

The first public aquarium was opened in London Zoo in May 1853; the "Fish House", Portsmouth Tropical Fish as it came to be known, Portsmouth Tropical Fish was constructed much like a greenhouse.[2] P.T. Barnum quickly followed in 1856 with the first American aquarium as part of his established Barnum's American Museum, Portsmouth Tropical Fish which was located on Broadway in New York before it burned down.[2] In 1859, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the Aquarial Gardens were founded in Boston.[2] A number of aquaria then sprung out over Europe, Portsmouth Tropical Fish such as the Jardin d'Acclimatation in Paris and the Viennese Aquarium Salon (both founded 1860), Portsmouth Tropical Fish the Marine Aquarium Temple as part of the Zoological Garden in Hamburg, Portsmouth Tropical Fish as well as aquariums in Berlin (1869) and Brighton (1872).[2] The oldest American "national aquarium" is the National Aquarium in Washington, Portsmouth Tropical Fish D.C., Portsmouth Tropical Fish founded in 1873. For many years, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the Shedd Aquarium in Chicago was the largest aquarium in the world, Portsmouth Tropical Fish until the Georgia Aquarium in Atlanta opened.

In 2005 the non-profit Georgia Aquarium with more than 8 million US gallons (30,000 m³; 30,000,000 liters) of marine and fresh water, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and more than 100,000 animals of 500 different species opened in Atlanta, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Georgia. The aquarium's notable specimens include whale sharks and beluga whales.

Current public aquaria

Picture of a male Whale Shark at Georgia Aquarium

Modern day aquarium tanks can hold millions of U.S. gallons of water and can house large species, Portsmouth Tropical Fish including dolphins, Portsmouth Tropical Fish sharks or beluga whales. This is accomplished though thick, Portsmouth Tropical Fish clear acrylic glass windows. Aquatic and semiaquatic mammals, Portsmouth Tropical Fish including otters, Portsmouth Tropical Fish [3] and seals [4] are often cared for at aquaria. Some establishments, Portsmouth Tropical Fish such as the Oregon Coast Aquarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish have aquatic aviaries.[5][6]

Most aquaria will have special exhibits to entice repeat visitors, Portsmouth Tropical Fish in addition to its permanent collection. A few have their own version of a "petting zoo"; for instance, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the Monterey Bay Aquarium has a shallow tank filled with common types of rays, Portsmouth Tropical Fish [7] and one can reach in to feel their smooth skins as they pass by.

Also as with zoos, Portsmouth Tropical Fish aquaria usually have specialized research staff who study the habits and biology of their specimens.

Logistics

Feeding time at the Melbourne Aquarium draws a large crowd

Most public aquaria are located close to the ocean, Portsmouth Tropical Fish for a steady supply of natural seawater. An inland pioneer was Chicago's Shedd Aquarium[8] that received seawater shipped by rail in special tank cars. The early (1911) Philadelphia Aquarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish built in the city's disused water works, Portsmouth Tropical Fish ironically had to switch to treated city water when the nearby river became too contaminated. [8]Similarly, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the recently opened Georgia Aquarium filled its tanks with fresh water from the city water system and salinated its salt water exhibits using the same commercial salt and mineral additives available to home aquarists.

In January 1985 Kelly Tarlton began construction of the first aquarium to include a large transparent acrylic tunnel in Auckland, Portsmouth Tropical Fish New Zealand, Portsmouth Tropical Fish a task that took 10 months and cost NZ$3 million. The 110-meter tunnel was built from one-tonne slabs of German sheet plastic that were shaped locally in an oven. A moving walkway now transports visitors through, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and groups of school children occasionally hold sleepovers there beneath the swimming sharks and rays.

Top public aquaria are often affiliated with important oceanographic research institutions or conduct their own research programs, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and usually (though not always) specialize in species and ecosystems that can be found in local waters. For example, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the Vancouver Aquarium in Vancouver, Portsmouth Tropical Fish BC is a major center for marine research, Portsmouth Tropical Fish conservation, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and marine animal rehabilitation, Portsmouth Tropical Fish particularly for the rich ecosystem of the Pacific Northwest.[9]

List of marine aquarium fish species

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The following is a list of marine aquarium fish species commonly available in the aquarium trade. It is not a completely comprehensive list; certain rare specimens may sometimes be available commercially yet not be listed here. A brief section on each, Portsmouth Tropical Fish with additional links is provided.

Contents

1 Angelfish (Large)

2 Angelfish (Dwarf)

3 Anthias

4 Bass & Groupers

5 Basslets & Assessors

6 Batfish

7 Blennies

8 Boxfish & Pufferfish

9 Butterflyfish

10 Cardinalfish

11 Chromis

12 Clownfish

13 Damsels

14 Dragonets

15 Eels

16 Filefish

17 Foxface

18 Gobies

19 Hawkfish

20 Hogfish

21 Jawfish

22 Lionfish

23 Pipefish

24 Pseudochromis

25 Rabbitfish

26 Rays

27 Seahorse

28 Squirrelfish

29 Tangs

30 Tilefish

31 Triggerfish

32 Wrasse

33 See also

34 References

Angelfish (Large)

These big beauties are luridly coloured and very interesting to watch, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but not for the faint hearted aquarist. They need large aquariums and should not be kept in groups. Two angels might be kept in the same aquarium provided it is a large aquarium, Portsmouth Tropical Fish they are properly acclimated as juveniles, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and they are have very different colouring and body shape. However, Portsmouth Tropical Fish because all Angelfish have essentially the same diet, Portsmouth Tropical Fish mixing them is a feat that should be left to only advanced keepers. None are reef safe, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and a potential owner should be aware that they need to have plenty of vegetable matter in their diet. They undergo major changes in colouration while maturing, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and unless specified given descriptions are for adult specimens.

H. ciliaris

P. semicirculatus

P. imperator

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description Max Size

Bellus Angelfish Genicanthus bellus Yes Moderate Light blue all over. Exhibits strong sexual dimorphism- females have wide black bands, Portsmouth Tropical Fish males' bands are orange. 18cm (7")

Blue Angelfish Holacanthus bermudensis No Moderate Blue Angelfish has an overall aqua hue with a yellow shimmer and yellow edges on the fins and scales. The Blue Angelfish does not have the striking blue crown or other blue highlights of the Queen Angelfish. 45cm (18")

Cortez Angelfish Pomacanthus zonipectus No Moderate Darkly hued with yellow stripes. 46cm (18")

Emperor Angelfish Pomacanthus imperator No Moderate Juveniles are black with blue-white spiraling; Adults are blue with yellow stripes, Portsmouth Tropical Fish accented with white and black and a blue mask. 40cm (16")

French Angelfish Pomacanthus paru No Difficult Juveniles are black with 3 yellow vertically running stripes, Portsmouth Tropical Fish may also display blue on pelvic fins. Adults lard black with white vertical stripes. 41cm (16")

Gray Angelfish Pomacanthus arcuatus No Easy to Moderate Light grey with dark spots and bluish/grey mask over face. Closely related to French Angelfish. 60cm (26")

Half-Moon Angelfish Pomacanthus maculosus No Easy Blue with yellow splotch-like marking on side. 50cm (20")

Koran Angelfish Pomacanthus semicirculatus No Moderate Grey towards the face, Portsmouth Tropical Fish becoming a navy blue towards the caudal fin with striking irridescent blue accents throughout. 40cm (15")

Majestic Angelfish Pomacanthus navarchus No Difficult Yellow sides and back, Portsmouth Tropical Fish transitioning to blue towards the base of the caudal fin and face, Portsmouth Tropical Fish with a bright blue streak across the chin. 28cm (11")

Passer (King) Angelfish Holacanthus passer No Moderate Very dark blue with yellow caudal fin and distinctive white stripe. 36cm (14")

Queen Angelfish Holacanthus ciliaris No Moderate Tan coloured with bright orange caudal fin and neon blue outlined fins. 45cm (17")

Royal Angelfish Pygoplites diacanthus No Expert Orange and blue striped with dark blue dorsal fin and lemon yellow caudal fin. 25cm (10")

Japanese Swallow Angelfish Genicanthus semifasciatus Yes Moderate Black and tan striped back with yellow blaze beginning at the mouth and tapering off towards the centre of the side, Portsmouth Tropical Fish with light blueish grey underside. Has distinctively shaped tail resembling that of a swallow. 21cm (8")

Angelfish (Dwarf)

Although Dwarf Angelfish are smaller and generally more manageable than their larger counterparts, Portsmouth Tropical Fish they still have some specific care requirements. They are omnivores, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but plenty of vegetable matter, Portsmouth Tropical Fish preferably in the form of macroalgae, Portsmouth Tropical Fish should be provided for their grazing pleasure. Their suitability for reef tanks is hotly debated, Portsmouth Tropical Fish so add at your own risk. The only possible exception to this is the Flame Angelfish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish which is generally considered safe. However, Portsmouth Tropical Fish for obvious reasons it should not be put into tanks with expensive decorative macroalgae.

Flame Angelfish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish a popular aquarium species.

Coral Beauty Angelfish

Lemonpeel Angelfish.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description

Coral beauty Angelfish Centropyge bispinosus With Caution Easy to Moderate Reddish body with blue back and orange fins. Max size 10 cm (4")

Eibli Angelfish Centropyge eibli With Caution Easy to Moderate Tan coloured body with vertical brown stripes and large distinctive black splotch covering the back of the fish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish including the caudal fin. Max size 15 cm (6")

Flame Angelfish Centropyge loricula Yes Easy to Moderate Vivid orange-red with vertical black stripes and blue patches toward the end of the dorsal and anal fins. Max size 15 cm (6").

Orange-back Angelfish Centropyge acanthops With Caution Moderate Dark blue with golden yellow blaze running from the face down the dorsal fin, Portsmouth Tropical Fish with a colourless caudal fin. Max size 8 cm (3").

Half-black Angelfish Centropyge vroliki With Caution Difficult Anterior is gray to pearly white with orange accent around eye, Portsmouth Tropical Fish posterior is deep black. Max size 12 cm (4")

Herald's Angelfish Centropyge heraldi With Caution Moderate Completely lemon yellow, Portsmouth Tropical Fish with a brown marking around the eye. Max size 10 cm (4")

Lemonpeel Angelfish Centropyge flavissima With Caution Difficult Bright yellow with distinctive dark semicircle by operculum. Max size 14 cm (5")

Barred Angelfish Centropyge multifasciata With Caution Difficult White fish with vertical black stripes. (Or is it a black fish with vertical white stripes?) Max size 12 cm (4").

Potter's Angelfish Centropyge potteri With Caution Easy to Moderate Similarly coloured to the Coral Beauty, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but with a blue body and reddish fins. Max size 10 cm (4")

Pygmy (Cherub) Angelfish Centropyge argi With Caution Moderate Blue colored body with an orange yellow head. Max size 8 cm (3").

Rusty Angelfish Centropyge ferrugata With Caution Difficult Tan coloured body with dark spots and a reddish tint around the anal fin. Max size 10 cm (4").

Anthias

Although Anthias resemble damsels in shape and size, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the two should never be confused. Where damsels are the goats of the Saltwater world, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Anthias (also called "Fairy Basslets") are finicky and many starve to death in captivity. In the wild, Portsmouth Tropical Fish they eat zooplankton, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and will not accept anything but in the aquarium. They also need to be fed nearly constantly, Portsmouth Tropical Fish three times a day at least. The best way to ensure the health and longevity of an Anthias is to attach a refugium where you can grow copepods to "drip" into the display tank. Unlike many other saltwater aquarium inhabitants, Portsmouth Tropical Fish they can be kept in groups.

Lyretail Anthias

Squareback Anthias

Male Yellowstripe Anthias

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description

Bartlett's anthias Pseudanthias bartlettorum Yes Difficult Back and face light yellow, Portsmouth Tropical Fish underside pink with a swallowtail-shaped caudal fin. Max size 9 cm (3").

Bicolor Anthias Pseudanthias bicolor Yes Difficult Similarly shaped and coloured to Bartlett's Anthias, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but with a slightly more rounded back. Max size 13 cm (5").

Cooper's Anthias Pseudanthias cooperi Yes Difficult Orange back and finnage with white patch below the mouth running down toward the anal fin with pink sides. Max size 14 cm (5").

Diadem Anthias Pseudanthias parvirostris Yes Difficult Pink fish with yellow streak on top of head running along the lateral line. Caudal fin is red with yellow tips. Max size 7 cm (2").

Orangehead Anthias Pseudanthias heemstrai Yes Difficult Pink underside with orange back and mask, Portsmouth Tropical Fish dark red splotch on caudal fin, Portsmouth Tropical Fish along with iridescent blue anal and pelvic fins. Max size 13 cm (5").

Redbar Anthias Pseudanthias rubrizonatus Yes Difficult Tannish-pink with a single vertical red stripe and a dorsal fin with the skin between the rays pulled back like on a lionfish. Max size 12 cm (4").

Lyretail Anthias Pseudanthias squamipinnis Yes Difficult Also known as Sea Goldie. Orange with lyre-shaped caudal fin. Max size 15 cm (6").

Squareback anthias Pseudanthias pleurotaenia Yes Difficult Red back and pink underside with distinctive blue square shaped marking and blue fins. Max size 20 cm (7").

Stocky Anthias Pseudanthias hypselosoma Yes Difficult Orange back with cream colored underside. As its name suggests, Portsmouth Tropical Fish slightly stockier than other Anthias. Max size 19 cm (7").

Threadfin Anthias Pseudanthias huchtii Yes Difficult Olive green with black caudal fin and red stripe running from the eye to the pectoral fin. Max size 12 cm (4").

Bass & Groupers

In this exceedingly large group of fish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish few are considered proper aquarium inhabitants, Portsmouth Tropical Fish for various reasons including diet and size. Be aware that Basses vary greatly from species to species, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and do appropriate research before purchasing a specimen. Many unsuspecting hobbyists bring home cute little specimens of popular aquarium fish such as the Lyretail Grouper, Portsmouth Tropical Fish only to realize several months later that they don't have the resources to care for a meter-long that may cost hundreds of dollars a month to feed.

Painted Comber

Blue Dot Grouper

Lyretail Grouper

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description

Blue Dot Grouper Cephalopholis argus No Moderate Deep black to tan fish with blue spots throughout. Max size 50 cm (20").

Blue Line Grouper Cephalopholis formosa No Moderate Dark tan with horizontal blue stripes that aren't particularly straight. The caudal fin has more of these stripes, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and they radiate from the base of the fin out to the tips. Max size 34 cm (13")

Chalk Bass Serranus tortugarum Yes Easy to Moderate Blue iridescent body with distinctive black topside that is interrupted by small vertical blue stripes. Max size 8 cm (3").

Golden Stripe Soapfish Grammistes sexlineatus No Moderate Chocolate brown with light yellow horizontal stripes. Similar in patterning to C. argus (with exception to the coloration). Max size 30 cm (11")

Harlequin Bass Serranus tigrinus Yes Easy to Moderate Very striking black and white checkerboard pattern all over, Portsmouth Tropical Fish with very long tapering nose. Max size 29 cm (11")

Leaflip Grouper Pogonoperca punctata No Moderate Sports a large, Portsmouth Tropical Fish hinged mouth and is tan with little spots. Has brown triangle shaped markings down the spine. Max size 35 cm (13").

Miniatus Grouper Cephalopholis miniatus No Moderate Orange to red with large blue spots throughout. Max size 45 cm (18").

Panther Grouper Cromileptes altivelis No Difficult Gorgeous pure white fish with black spots and a distinctive "hump" on the head, Portsmouth Tropical Fish leading to a popular common name, Portsmouth Tropical Fish "Humpback Grouper". Max size 75 cm (30").

Painted Comber Serranus scriba No Easy to Moderate Large fish with classic Bass body, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Silvery in colour with vertical tan stripes and a blue underside. Max size 36 cm (14").

Red Flag Grouper Cephalopholis urodeta No Moderate Very similar to C. miniatus, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but the caudal fin is dark. Max size 28 cm (11").

Lyretail Grouper Variola louti No Moderate Silver back changing to red around the underside, Portsmouth Tropical Fish darkening toward the caudal fin, Portsmouth Tropical Fish which is lyre-shaped with neon green edging. Max size 80 cm (31").

Spotted Grouper Epinephelus summana No Moderate Dark black fish with many light green spots all over body, Portsmouth Tropical Fish increasing in number toward the posterior. Max size 52 cm (20").

Basslets & Assessors

Basslets and Assessors are small, Portsmouth Tropical Fish long bodied fish strongly resembling Anthias. Their care requirements, Portsmouth Tropical Fish however, Portsmouth Tropical Fish are closer to those of damsels. They should be kept individually, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and generally not with other fish of similar shape and colour. Feeding is easy: they will generally eat any meaty foods offered. Good water quality should be maintained at all times.

Royal Gramma

Black Cap Gramma

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description

Black Cap Gramma Gramma melacara Yes Moderate Purple with a black mask beginning at the mouth and ending at the base of the dorsal fin. Max size 6 cm (2").

Blue Assesor Assessor macneilli Yes Easy to Moderate Entirely navy blue with white edging of the dorsal fin. Max size 7 cm (3").

Royal Gramma Gramma loreto Yes Easy to Moderate Purple head and anterior, Portsmouth Tropical Fish abruptly changing to yellow about halfway down the body. Has black marking through eye and another on the dorsal fin. Do not confuse with the Brazilian Gramma or the Bicolor Dottyback. Max size 5 cm (2").

Brazilian Gramma Gramma brasiliensis Yes Easy to Moderate Very similar to the royal gramma, Portsmouth Tropical Fish however the change from purple to yellow occurs farther down the body and the black markings are absent. Max size 6 cm (2").

Yellow Assessor Assessor flavissimus Yes Easy to Moderate Bright lemon yellow with peach fringing of the dorsal fin and around the eye. Max size 7 cm (3").

Batfish

Batfish are gorgeous and striking fish that are not common in aquaria for one major reason: they get huge. A two or three hundred gallon tank is needed for one, Portsmouth Tropical Fish minimum, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and larger is better. They start out as tiny, Portsmouth Tropical Fish manageable-looking cuties, Portsmouth Tropical Fish which often fools aquarists into purchasing them for their small aquariums. However they quickly grow to gargantuan proportions, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and require large amounts of food as well as space, Portsmouth Tropical Fish so beware. They are not reef safe and should be fed plenty of large meaty foods. Batfish change greatly as they grow, Portsmouth Tropical Fish however the potential aquarist is most likely to see them in their juvenile form, Portsmouth Tropical Fish so that is the description of the colouration here. They all have generally the same body shape: disk-like with tall dorsal and anal fins, Portsmouth Tropical Fish similar to a Freshwater Angelfish.

Young Dusky Batfish

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description

Orbiculate Batfish Platax orbicularis No Difficult Brown with generally random black markings resembling a rotting leaf. Max size 50 cm (20").

Dusky Batfish Platax pinnatus No Difficult Dark black body completely edged by distinctive yellow. 45 cm (17").

Teira Batfish Platax teira No Difficult Silver with black fins and a black stripe across the face. Max size 70 cm (27").

Blennies

Blennies are popular aquarium fish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and for good reason. They are peaceful, Portsmouth Tropical Fish colorful, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and many are downright helpful. For example, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the aptly named Lawnmower Blenny will keep your green algae well trimmed and presentable. With the exception of Fang Blennies, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Blennies are totally reef safe- in fact a reef environment is really best for them because they can be shy and the intricate rockwork of a reef provides ample hiding spaces. They are omnivores and should be fed a varied diet of frozen or live foods and plant matter. Blennies don't have teeth or functional jaw, Portsmouth Tropical Fish so food must be big enough for them to swallow whole.

Blennies are often confused with Gobies, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but there is an easy way to tell the difference. Blennies have a single dorsal fin that runs down the length of their bodies- gobies only have one.

Lawnmower Blenny

Pictus Blenny

Tube Worm Blenny

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description

Spinyhead Blenny Acanthemblemaria spinosa Yes Moderate Brown checkered body with distinctive yellow frills on head. Max size 2 cm.

Bicolor Blenny Ecsenius bicolor Yes Easy to Moderate Characterized by the striking contrast of a blue head and upper torso followed by a yellow orange lower torso. Max size 11 cm.

Blackline Fang Blenny Meiacanthus nigrolineatus No Easy to Moderate Yellow bodied with bright blue mask and dark black line running from the eye to the caudal fin. Max size 9 cm.

Bundoon Blenny Meiacanthus bundoon No Easy to Moderate Black with lighter patch over caudal fin. Very distinctive swallowtail caudal fin. Max size 8 cm.

Canary Fang Blenny Meiacanthus oualanensis No Easy to Moderate Similarly shaped to M. bundoon, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but canary yellow. Max size 5 cm.

Lawnmower Blenny Salarias fasciatus Yes Easy to Moderate Tan and brown striped and spotted with iridescence. Max size 14 cm.

Midas Blenny Ecsenius midas Yes Easy to Moderate Although often seen yellow, Portsmouth Tropical Fish this fish has the ability to change its color to match the surroundings. It has a very distinctive swallowtail shaped caudal fin. Max size 13 cm.

Red Lip Blenny Ophioblennius atlanticus Yes Easy to Moderate Black to grayish yellow with red patch over mouth. Max size 19 cm.

Red Sea Mimic Blenny Ecsenius gravieri Moderate Sky blue anterior fading to yellow towards the tail, Portsmouth Tropical Fish with a black stripe running the eye to the base of the caudal fin. Max size 8 cm.

Sailfin Blenny Emblemaria pandionis Yes Moderate Very similar to S. fasciatus but slightly darker and with a much larger dorsal fin. Max size 5 cm.

Tail Spot Blenny Ecsenius stigmatura Yes Moderate Drab tan all over with dark spot at the base of the caudal fin and a light yellow line through eye. Max size 6 cm.

Two-Spot Blenny Ecsenius bimaculatus Yes Moderate The top half of this fish is black towards the front and fades to white closer to the tail. The bottom half is white with two distinctive black spots right under the pectoral fins. Max size 4.5 cm.

Diamond Blenny Malacoctenus boehlkei Yes Moderate Gray with black splotches, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and a yellow mask. Shaped more like hawkfish than a blenny. Max size 6.5 cm.

Convict Blenny Pholidichthys leucotaenia Yes Moderate Black eel-shaped body with a distinctive white stripe running down the body. Adults are yellow and black striped. Max size 34 cm.

Boxfish & Pufferfish

Members of the family Tetraodontidae, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Boxfish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Puffers and their cousins Cowfishes and Porcupinefishes can be very personable and quirky pets, Portsmouth Tropical Fish for the prepared.

They are not thought of as an ordinary aquarium tank mate, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but are quickly gaining popularity. They do pose a hazard in the community tank however. They are capable of releasing a very powerful toxin which can kill other fish and in some cases, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the boxfish itself. They generally only use it when threatened or dying, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but can become disturbed easily with aggressive tank mates or overcrowded aquarium. Generally they are reef safe, Portsmouth Tropical Fish though they will pick at invertebrates if not fed well enough.

Many people think puffed up Pufferfish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish like in the picture, Portsmouth Tropical Fish are cute, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but an owner should never subject their pet to this as they are often unable to expel the air should they be out of the water. To prevent this, Portsmouth Tropical Fish never remove a puffer from the water.

Smooth Trunkfish

Puffed up D. holocanthus.

O. cubicus

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description

Helmet Cowfish Tetrasomus gibbosus Caution Expert Tan with dark speckles and brown spots at the base of the caudal fin. Max size 30 cm.

Longhorn Cowfish Lactoria cornuta Caution Expert Grayish tan with very distinctive "horns" near the eyes and under the caudal fin. Max size 46 cm.

Yellow Boxfish Ostracion cubicus Caution Expert Usually seen as a juvenile, Portsmouth Tropical Fish bright yellow with little black spots. When it reaches maturity it is gray with yellow lines and pink lips. Max size 45 cm.

Scribbled Boxfish Ostracion solorensis Caution Moderate Dark navy blue with iridescent "scribbling" and spots. Max size 12 cm.

Dogface Pufferfish Arothron nigropunctatus Caution Moderate Tan with a brown mask over eyes and other over mouth. Also has yellow markings on the pectoral and dorsal fins. Max size 33 cm.

Porcupine Pufferfish Diodon holocanthus No Moderate Tan with slightly darker spots throughout and very conspicuous spines that lay flat against the body. When puffed up, Portsmouth Tropical Fish the spikes stand up and make the fish completely inedible. Max 50 cm.

Spotfin Porcupinefish Diodon hystrix No Moderate White and covered in small black spots. Max size 91 cm.

Sharpnose Pufferfish Canthigaster rostrata Caution Difficult Cream, Portsmouth Tropical Fish with reddish purple topside and underside, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and yellow on the caudal fin. Max size 12 cm.

Valentine Pufferfish Canthigaster valentini Caution Moderate Tan with giraffe-like spots and dark brown markings that resemble saddles over the back. Has distinctive bright green eyes. Max size 11 cm.

Butterflyfish

Butterflyfish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish when properly cared for, Portsmouth Tropical Fish can make beautiful and distinctive additions to fish only marine aquariums. Often large and usually not suited for those with smaller aquariums, Portsmouth Tropical Fish nor those of the faint of heart. Nevertheless, Portsmouth Tropical Fish when fed a varied diet and kept in pristine conditions, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Butterflyfish will usually thrive. That is, Portsmouth Tropical Fish if you choose the right species. With Butterflyfish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish usually a fish is going to survive, Portsmouth Tropical Fish or it's not. Many species simply cannot be kept in captivity, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and potential keepers must take care to only purchase those species that have a fighting chance. Also, Portsmouth Tropical Fish be very picky about which specimen you choose- any sign of mishandling should be taken as a red flag.

The following species are relatively hardy and an experienced aquarist should have no trouble with them, Portsmouth Tropical Fish so long as they are diligent.

C. lunula

C. rostratus

C. auriga

C. tinkeri

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description

Copperbanded Butterflyfish Chelmon rostratus Caution Difficult Silver with black edged gold stripes, Portsmouth Tropical Fish a long nose, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and a black eyespot on the dorsal fin. Max size 20 cm.

Bannerfish Heniochus diphreutes No Moderate Sometimes referred to as the "Poor Man's Moorish Idol" because of the resemblance. White and black striped with yellow caudal fin and a dorsal fin that forms a long, Portsmouth Tropical Fish thin banner. Max size 21 cm.

Longnose Butterflyfish Forcipiger flavissimus No Moderate From the pectoral fins forward, Portsmouth Tropical Fish black above the eye and silver below, Portsmouth Tropical Fish with an exceptionally mouth. Past the pectoral fins, Portsmouth Tropical Fish bright yellow with an eyespot on the anal fin. Max size 22 cm.

Raccoon Butterflyfish Chaetodon lunula No Moderate Very distinctive and complexly colored. Is mostly yellow with a darker saddle and a black and white mask. Max size 20 cm.

Redback Butterflyfish Chaetodon paucifasciatus No Moderate White with black stripes that form chevrons on the side and a bright red patch on the posterior. Max size 14 cm.

Merten's Butterflyfish Chaetodon mertensii No Moderate White with fuzzy black stripes and a yellow posterior. Also has a black line through the eye. Max size 12.5 cm.

Teardrop Butterflyfish Chaetodon unimaculatus No Moderate Completely yellow with the exception of black stripes at the base of the caudal fin and through the eye, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and an eyespot directly below the dorsal fin. Max size 20 cm.

Latticed Butterflyfish Chaetodon rafflesii No Moderate Very similar to C. unimaculatus, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but with scales that are brighter than the body, Portsmouth Tropical Fish forming a lattice-like pattern, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and lacking the eyespot. Max size 18 cm.

Pacific Double Saddle Butterflyfish Chaetodon ulietensis No Moderate Silver with two dark saddles over the body (plus a dark mask) and yellow dorsal and caudal fins. Max size 15 cm.

Sickle Butterflyfish Chaetodon falcula No Moderate Often confused with C. ulietensis, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but easily distinguished. The saddles are wedge shaped rather than stripes and don't reach the underside. Overall more yellow coloring. Max size 20 cm.

Threadfin Butterflyfish Chaetodon auriga No Moderate White anterior with thin black stripes at 45 and 120 degree angles from the head. Posterior is yellow, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but with a black wedge shape where the stripes meet the yellow coloring. Max size 23 cm.

Tinker's Butterflyfish Chaetodon tinkeri No Moderate White with small black spots, Portsmouth Tropical Fish a yellow mask, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and a black dorsal fin. Max size 15 cm.

Masked Butterflyfish Chaetodon semilarvatus No Moderate Bright lemon yellow with subtle vertical orange stripes and a black splotch behind the eye. Max size 23 cm.

Cardinalfish

One of the few groups of shoaling fish commonly available to marine aquarists, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Cardinalfish are nocturnal and tend to be quite shy. They require meaty foods and will often not take prepared foods such as flakes and tablets. For the best chance of success, Portsmouth Tropical Fish keep a wide variety of frozen foods on hand. In the event of a hunger strike, Portsmouth Tropical Fish they will almost always take adult brine shrimp. As far as other care requirements they are similar to damsels: not picky. So long as they are properly acclimated, Portsmouth Tropical Fish they tolerate a wide range of parameters. Watch the ammonia/nitrite, Portsmouth Tropical Fish as they are particularly sensitive to these chemicals.

A shoal of P. Kauderni

A. aureus

Common name Taxonomy Reef Care Level Description

Banggai Cardinal Pterapogon kauderni Yes Moderate Black and silver striped with very tall fins and many white spots. Max size 8 cm.

Flamefish Apogon maculatus Yes Moderate Bright red with black spots at the base of the caudal fin, Portsmouth Tropical Fish under the second dorsal fin, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and on the operculum. Max size 11 cm.

Orange-Striped Cardinalfish Apogon cyanosoma Yes Moderate Light yellow with iridescent yellow horizontal stripes. Max size 8 cm.

Pajama Cardinalfish Sphaeramia nematoptera Yes Moderate This fish displays three distinct color bands: the first, Portsmouth Tropical Fish stretching from the nose to base of the first dorsal fin, Portsmouth Tropical Fish is a tannish peach. The second, Portsmouth Tropical Fish a thin band which runs down the center of the fish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish is chocolate brown, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and the posterior of the fish is white with brown spots. Max size 8.5 cm.

Ringtailed Cardinalfish Apogon aureus Yes Moderate Yellow body with a black stripe (ring) at the base of the caudal fin and iridescent blue streaks across the eye. Max size 14.5 cm.

Blackstripe Cardinalfish Apogon nigrofasciatus Yes Moderate Body completely covered in horizontal yellow and black stripes, Portsmouth Tropical Fish with red fins. Max size 10 cm.

Ochre-Striped Cardinalfish Apogon compressus Yes Moderate Almost identical to A. nigrofasticus, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but with blue eyes. Max size 12 cm.

Chromis

Chromis are perhaps the ultimate reef fish. Generally peaceful, Portsmouth Tropical Fish most species are easy to take care of and quite colorful. Like anthias, Portsmouth Tropical Fish they will school, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but in many cases this tendency disappears as they age. They are, Portsmouth Tropical Fish nevertheless, Portsmouth Tropical Fish at least ambivalent with their own species, Portsmouth Tropical Fish as well as completely reef safe. Like Damsels and Anemonefish, Portsmouth Tropical Fish their close cousins, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Chromis are omnivores and will accept most foods offered. A flake staple is usually sufficient, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but for best color and health supplement with frozen and live foods when possible.

A pair of C. chromis

School of C. viridis

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description

Black and Gold Chromis Neoglyphidodon nigroris Yes Difficult Mostly silver, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but with a large patch of yellow around the caudal fin and a distinct black line on the operculum. Max size 13 cm.

Half and Half Chromis Chromis iomelas Yes Moderate Completely black from the middle of the dorsal fin to the nose, Portsmouth Tropical Fish completely white from the middle of the dorsal fin to the end of the caudal fin. Max size 8 cm.

Black bar Chromis Chromis retrofasciata Yes Moderate Yellowish with bright blue iridescent pelvic fins and a distinct black bar at the base of the caudal fin. Max size 4 cm.

Blue Chromis Chromis cyaneus Yes Moderate Bright blue all over, Portsmouth Tropical Fish although lighter toward the front. Max size 15 cm.

Green Chromis Chromis viridis Yes Easy Generally bluish green, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but some specimens may be spring green. Max size 8 cm.

Limbaughi Chromis Chromis limbaughi Yes Easy Dark navy blue with bright yellow spot that covers the dorsal fin and much of the posterior. Max size 10 cm.

Spiny Chromis Acanthochromis polyacanthus Yes Easy Dark chocolate brown, Portsmouth Tropical Fish slightly lighter around the pectoral fins. Max size 14 cm.

Sunshine Chromis Chromis insolatus Yes Easy Rather drab tannish-orange throughout. Max size 16 cm.

Damselfish Chromis chromis Yes Easy Completely black. Despite the name, Portsmouth Tropical Fish this is actually a chromis, Portsmouth Tropical Fish in fact, Portsmouth Tropical Fish it is the chromis. Max size 25 cm.

Clownfish

Clownfish are a marine aquarium species noted for their ability to host in anemones. They have been recently popularized by the movie, Portsmouth Tropical Fish Finding Nemo.

Clownfish are actually members of the Damselfish family. Like Damsels, Portsmouth Tropical Fish they change gender as they grow larger and older. Small clownfish are ungendered. Eventually, Portsmouth Tropical Fish they become males if no males prevent them from doing so. 1 or sometimes 2 males live with a female and guard over the eggs. Females are the largest fish and dominant over the males and juveniles. They will not allow other females into an area they have claimed as their territory without a fight. They may not allow new males or juveniles, Portsmouth Tropical Fish either. Aggressions increases with each change.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description

Cinnamon or Coral Sea clown Amphiprion melanopus Yes Easy to moderate ?

Clark's anemonefish Amphiprion clarkii Yes Easy to moderate large yellow colored clown; thick black outlines possible some black shading in pattern 4-5"

False percula clown Amphiprion ocellaris Yes Easy Commonly available. Also sold in a black color variation.

Maroon clown Premnas biaculeatus Does not harm invertebrates, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but may attack small fish Easy to moderate Can grow quite large and become aggressive towards smaller tankmates

Percula clown Amphiprion percula Yes Easy to moderate Almost indistinguishable from A. ocellaris. Most Percula clowns sold are actually A. ocellaris.

Pink skunk clown Amphiprion perideraion Yes Moderate The pink skunk clown requires an anemone, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and will not grow much larger than an inch.

Tomato clown Amphiprion frenatus Yes Easy commonly available, Portsmouth Tropical Fish is distinguished by the one while stripe running vertically behind its head. This fish is somewhat aggressive towards other clowns.

Saddleback clown Amphiprion polymnus Yes Moderate Similar to the ocellaris & percula, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but the white stripes are at an angle. More timid than many other clowns.

Damsels

All Damselfish can be considered reef-safe, Portsmouth Tropical Fish sometimes excluding larger, Portsmouth Tropical Fish more aggressive Dascyllus varieties. Some Damselfish will host in anemones like clownfish. Most Damselfish are aggressive and difficult to catch once you put them in an aquarium.

Damselfish change gender as they grow larger and older. Small damselfish are ungendered. Eventually, Portsmouth Tropical Fish they become males if no males prevent them from doing so. 1 or sometimes 2 males live with a female and guard over the eggs. Females are the largest fish and dominant over the males and juveniles. They will not allow other females into an area they have claimed as their territory without a fight. They may not allow new males or juveniles, Portsmouth Tropical Fish either. Aggression increases with each change.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description

Azure Damsel Chrysiptera hemicyanea Yes Easy A beautiful fish with neon blue on its body and a gold underside and caudal fin. Easy to care for and does best on a good diet.

Fairly aggressive so choose tankmates carefully.

Blue damsel Chrysiptera cyanea Yes Easy An orange tail indicates breeding success. The males have orange on their tails while the females do not. This fish is hardy and aggressive.

Blue and gold damsel Pomacentrus coelestis Yes

Blue velvet damsel Paraglyphidodon oxyodon Yes

Bluefin damsel Neoglyphidodon melas Yes Easy

Domino damsel Dascyllus trimaculatus Yes Easy also known as the three spot damsel, Portsmouth Tropical Fish this fish is easy to care for, Portsmouth Tropical Fish but is also very aggressive. The fish is black except for three distinct white spots that fade as the fish ages.

Fiji blue devil damsel Chrysiptera taupou Yes Easy This striking blue damsel is one of the most popular beginner fish. Like other damsels, Portsmouth Tropical Fish it is very hardy, Portsmouth Tropical Fish and very aggressive when mature.

Four stripe damsel Dascyllus melanurus